Solar Photovoltaic Array Analysis

As electric vehicle technology advances into the fast charging era, lithium-ion batteries face increasingly severe challenges regarding safety and lifespan under high-rate charging. One of the most critical concerns is the phenomenon of lithium plating—when the charging current is too high or the temperature is too low, lithium-ions fails to intercalate effectively into the anode and instead deposit as metallic lithium on the surface of the graphite.